Juliet of the Spirits
In 1964, when LSD was still legal in Italy, Federico Fellini underwent a single guided session under the supervision of psychoanalyst Emilio Servadio.
He later said it shaped his classic film, Juliet of the Spirits.
It's a striking story, and it's only a footnote. Between 1930 and 1967, psychiatric clinics across Italy ran experiments with mescaline, LSD, and psilocybin on hundreds of patients. Almost none of that work reached international journals, and most Italians have never heard of it.
Now a new generation of researchers is bringing that history back, and facing a decision the United States never had to make: whether these therapies enter the public health system or remain available only to those who can pay.